Retail brands Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Retail brands - Essay Example Every country has had its own way of development that has led to retailing and branding of products. The retailing market has now become a segmented form of marketing with a particular retailer focusing on a particular group of customers. This is perhaps a way of improving the manner of dealing with the growing needs of consumers who demand more attention in their particular items or products of interests. Retailing is now gaining control of the market shares that were once overtaken by the stores that were individually owned or were in the form of co-operatives. Now there are large retailers with a chain of stores that are focused in a particular location or country such as ASDA, Waitrose, Sainsbury’s and others in the United Kingdom and GAP, Old Navy and JC Penney in the United States of America. However, it is a far cry from saying that retailers have had an easy go at keeping their share of the market. Retailers have had to constantly improve and strive to better understan d the needs of customers. It may be easier in a manner that the smaller industries are now becoming less of a challenge for retail giants such as Wal-mart but if the consumers stop spending or the stores lack the technological advancements needed to keep up to the fast paced global market then they will lose out on their share of the profits. There is a lot more to printing your brand name on a product and expecting customers to come and buy it. Retailers have had to go a long way to establish a trust between the name and brand of a company and the end customers who are the ones are picking items off the shelves. Brands are considered to be the logo of a company and it is how customers have come to associate products. A particular brand can even be a way of representing the social status of an individual in society such as the purchase of a piece that is branded by Harry Winston as compared on one that someone may pick up from a rack at Primark. Brands go a long way to help to make customers familiar with particular products whether it is fashion, electronics and so on. Particular retailers such as General Electric have widespread array of products that they sell to the public which range from motor vehicles to small kitchen appliances. Brand loyalty is established over a period of time and how well the product meets the desires of the individuals. Many people prefer a Toyota car over a Honda or that of Ford and this is due to the experience that they may have had with the products over time. If there is brand loyalty then it is more likely that the price of various articles won’t be as much of an issue as long as the customers find that the article is needed (Ailawadi, K. L., 2004). Retail brands such as H&M and Marks & Spencer’s have made use of celebrities to further the influence of their retail brands. Marks & Spencer hooked up with Antonio Bandares (Amanda Andrews, The Times), the Hollywood actor, to campaign for the retail brand to increas e sales and the campaign paid off. The brand also featured the fashion icon Twiggy for their campaign to appeal to women and managed to get the attention of their target group as well. The icon managed to shake off the reputation that the brand has of cot carrying fashionable items. Supermarket giant Sainsbury’s products have the retailers brand but there were signs that sales were higher when the products

Advanced audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Advanced audit - Essay Example Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria. A competent, independent person should do auditing. To do audit, there must be information in a verifiable form and some standards (criteria) by which the auditor can evaluate the information. Information can and does take many forms. Auditors routinely perform audits of quantifiable information, including companies' financial statements and individuals' federal income tax returns. Auditors also perform audits of more subjective information, such as the effectiveness of computer systems, the efficiency of manufacturing operations and also some others such as social audit and environment audit1. An illustration about auditing is given below:In this figure summarizes the important ideas in the description of auditing by illustrating an audit of an individual's tax return was prepared in a manner consistent wi th the requirements of the federal internal revenue code. To accomplish the objective, the agent examines supporting records provided by the taxpayer and from other sources, such as the taxpayer's employer. After completing the audit, the internal revenue agent will issue a report to the taxpayer assessing additional taxes, advising that a refund is due, or stating that there is no change in the status of the tax return 2. Question one: Requirement 1: Social and environmental auditing: Environmental auditing is a key component of Environmental Policy. This process is a systematic, objective evaluation of facility operations and practices which is designed to: 1. Verify compliance with environmental regulations, internal policies, and accepted practices. 2. Evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management systems in place. The key findings of a UK survey carried out by the University of Dundee in 1995 under the title "The financial auditor and the environment" can be summarized as follows: - For most auditors "environment" is just another business issue and is treated no Differently from any other area of actual and potential risk. For a small minority, the moral dimensions and the longer-term implications of sustainability do suggest that environmental issues are qualitatively different from other matters. - UK businesses and their auditors generally face an uncertain environmental and legislative climate. It is often very difficult to assess from where the next major issue will emerge. - Most of the big auditing firms have initiated procedures within both their audit manuals/processes and within their training schedules. However, the majority of auditors do not perceive environmental issues as requiring special attention. They are simply part of knowing clients' businesses thoroughly. The International Auditing Practices Committee (IAPC) is finalising a draft of a proposed Practice Statement, which provides guidance for auditors on how to deal with environmental issues in auditing financial statements. Whereas an earlier IAPC draft had a wide scope covering also non-financial audit situations, the draft Practice Statement will probably restrict itself to financial audit issues under the headings (EAAR, 1996): - Consideration of environmental laws and regulations; - Knowledge of the business; - Risk assessments and internal control; - Detection risk/substantive procedures; - Using the work of others; - Management representations; - Reporting. Social audit: To achieve these Policy objectives the company operating affiliates will - Build relationships with people in the host country and especially with people indigenous to areas of operations or exploration. Work continuously to understand the culture and social patterns of the people in the host country and also work especially among the people who are indigenous to ar

Corrections and Treatment Essay Example for Free

Corrections and Treatment Essay Community-based treatment The three community-based treatment efforts which I would like to focus attention on are Intensive Outpatient Counseling Services, abbreviated as (IOP) next, a community based program known as: Child Mental Health and lastly Emergency Crisis Response. Community-based treatment efforts vary between states however, the purpose and importance of these treatment efforts are identical. Larry J. Siegel, Brandon C. Welsh authors of: Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice, and Law quote the purpose: â€Å"Provide care, protection, and treatment for juveniles in need†. Institutionalization Issues affecting institutionalized juveniles reflects possible detrimental successful compliance with respect: to community-based efforts. Likewise, institutionalized juveniles are faced with the reality of prison life and a concern is introduced to wither or not juveniles will learn criminal behaviors. Lastly, the opportunity to provide individualized and/or group counseling even more so education is a separate affecting issue of institutionalized juveniles. The juvenile justice system should be concerned with those issues, because it clearly represents foreseeable safety issues for incarcerated juveniles and staff. Separately, the potential for reoccurrence: entry or criminal charges to the justice system leading to overcrowding. With that a final concern to the justice system might reflect mental health issues that are not able to be diagnosed in incarcerated juveniles, this would impact cost or funding within the justice system. Two of the three Intensive Aftercare Programs discussed in Juvenile Delinquency. The Core that I would like to focus attention on are Juvenile Boot Camps and Wilderness Programs, the importance of aftercare programs  offer the opportunity for juveniles to have a safe place to go. Another aspect that can be considered aftercare programs, redirect negative attitudes in juveniles and: potential for reoccurrence criminal behavior. In the reading materials, The Core the following statement is provided â€Å"exposure to a wholesome environment; where the  concepts of education and the work ethic are taught and embodied in adult role models, troubled  youth can regain a measure of self-worth.†

Child abuse signs and the long term effects

Child abuse signs and the long term effects Child Abuse: Signs and the Long Term Effects All children are born with the right to be able to grow, develop, live and love according to their needs and feelings. Growing up can be difficult, and most children receive the love and care that they need to develop into healthy, mature adults. For a childs development they need protection from adults who love them and help them acquire the skills to be a successful adult. However, some children are neglected and hurt by adults that they trust. Abuse can mean different things to different people. Abuse can also happen once in their lifetime, or it can happen many times. Physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect are the four types of child abuse. Over three million reports of child abuse are made every year in the United States. (OMeara and Fedderson) Over seventy five percent of children die each year from abuse. (Prevent child abuse) Certain forms of child abuse are serious enough to become a crime. Physical, emotional and sexual abuse, as well are neglect, can lead to long term p sychological effects on a child. How can child abuse happen? There are many factors as to why abuse happens. Some of these factors include domestic violence, alcohol and drug use, and stress and lack of support from others (Saisan, Gill, Segal). When a child witnesses domestic violence is very chaotic and it causes instability in the home. Alcohol and drug use increases a lapse in judgment and can interfere with the ability for a person to control their actions. Being a parent is not an easy task and sometimes it can cause a very stressful situation. Teen parents often need patience to deal with a child, and most of the time they do not have that so they depend on others. Caring for a child with a disability can also create a stressful situation. Also, when parents and caregivers are abused as a child they grow up to abuse their very own children, and the cycle of abuse continues. (Saisan, Gill, Segal) Younger children may not understand why these acts are being done, and may think that they have done something wro ng. On the other hand, older children have the ability to do something about the abuse being done to them. Often times, most children become withdrawn and do not prefer talk about it. Each category of child abuse has its very own distinct signs. Each child is unique and may exhibit specific signs if they are enduring a specific type of abuse. Physical abuse often occurs when a child is hit out of anger or is caught in the middle of a very stressful situation. Children under the age of two are most likely to suffer direct abuse from the hands of a parent. (Juby 519) Physical abuse is often described as unexplained injuries such as bruises, burns, and abrasions. Sometimes, the child may be fearful of adults that he or she is not familiar with. Parents may exhibit signs that they are being abusive with their children by using a harsh tone with their voice, offers no explanation for their childs injury, or is very negative with their child. (Recognize Abuse) Emotional abuse can be referred to verbal abuse. When a parent or caregiver says mean and hurtful things to a child, they are emotionally hurting them. Excessive demands, penalizing children for their work, discouraging the child from moving forward, and exposing them to family violence are just a few signs of emotional abuse. Physical and emotional abuse often overlap each other; however, emotional abuse is much harder to identify. (Fact Sheet) Children who endure this type of abuse often think that this is a normal way of life. The parents who may be treating their child in such way may blame or belittle the child, refuse to offer help, or constantly reject the child. (Recognize Abuse) Emotional abuse is often present when other forms of abuse are identified within the child. Sexual abuse can take place within the family by a parent, sibling, or other relative. This type of abuse can also happen outside of the home by a friend, neighbor, teacher, or a stranger. When this abuse has occurred, the child can develop a variety of distraught feelings, thoughts and behaviors. This type of abuse has been reported up to 80,000 times a year, but research suggests that more cases go unreported because the children are afraid of confessing of what happened to them. (Prevent Abuse) Children who are sexually abused often develop a very low self esteem and a distorted view of sex. A physician must detect signs of sexual abuse through a physical examination because there are no external signs. Some may want to consider the signs of sexual abuse if the child shows the following symptoms: difficulty walking or sitting, nightmares, bedwetting, a sudden change in appetite, or demonstrates unusual sexual behavior. Parents may also show signs that they are sexually abusing th eir children if they are being very isolated, they severely limit the childs contact with other children, or they are very jealous. (Recognize Abuse) Neglect is simply refusing to meet the childs basic needs for survival. About fifty nine percent of children suffer from neglect. In 2007 an estimated 1760 children have died from abuse or neglect. (Fact Sheet). The child may be frequently absent from school, lacks needed medical care, has constant body odor, and does not have appropriate clothing based on the weather conditions. When the parent seems depressed, behaves irrationally, and does not care about the interest of his or her child, they could be the one neglecting their child. (Recognize Abuse) No child is prepared to cope with any type of abuse done to them. Children are not just an â€Å"object.† They are a human being, just like everyone else. There is no moral way of saying that child abuse is ok. Parents and caregivers often do not realize the effects that abuse has on their children. Many think that it is a form of punishment but in reality, it is harming the child. (Saisan, Gill, Segal) The long term effects of abuse can cause severe psychological problems that can be devastating to the child. These problems can range from mild to severe depending on how long the abuse was endured or how severe it turned out to be. Parents with low educational value are more likely to use abuse (Juby 519). Psychological problems that a child may face are academic difficulties, alcohol and/or drug abuse, anxiety, behavior problems, depression, fear of certain adults, self neglect, sleep disorders, age-inappropriate behavior, social withdrawal, and separation anxiety. Abuse can also intervene with the ability to establish healthy relationships in the future. All children are different and they each respond to situations in their own way. Some children may endure some form of abuse without developing any of the long term effects. (Newton) In conclusion, child abuse can cause psychological problems that can be irreversible. There are ways that child abuse can be prevented. There are many organizations today that have dedicated themselves to the treatment and prevention of child abuse. A known organization that has been around the longest is called ChildHelp. It is a non-profit organization that aids in the treatment and prevention of abused children (OMeara and Fedderson). Prevention is the only cure for child abuse. Abuse of any kind can cause emotional scars that can never be healed. Children are supposed to learn everything they need to become successful adults in this world from their parents. Instead of teaching, loving and nurturing, abusive parents and caregivers provide the opposite of what children need to grow and develop. Works Cited â€Å"Childhood Disease and Disorder Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2009. Web. 22 Nov 2009 Child Welfare Information Gateway â€Å"Recognizing Child Abuse and Neglect: Signs and Symptoms.† 9 Oct 2009. Web. 21 Nov 2009 Fact Sheet: Emotional Child Abuse. Michigan. Web. 21 Nov 2009 Juby, Cindy. â€Å"Parental Attitude: A Meditating Role in Disciplinary Methods used by Parents† Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal Dec 2009: 519. Proquest. Web. 23 Nov. 2009 Newton, C.J. â€Å"Child Abuse: An Overview.† Mental Health Journal. Apr 2001. Web. 19 Nov. 2009 OMeara, Sara. Yvonne, Fedderson. â€Å"Effects of Child Abuse.† ChildHelp. Web. 22 Nov 2009. Saisan, Joanna, Ellen Jaffe-Gill, and Jeanne Segal. Child Abuse and Neglect. Help guide. Oct 2008. Web. 20 Nov 2009 â€Å"Preventing Child Sexual Abuse.† Stop it Now. Web. 23 Nov. 2009

The Medias Influence on Adolescents Body Image :: Adolescents and the Mass Media

Adolescence is a time for learning and growth. This time can be easier to handle by some than others. For some it can be a revelation of new experiences and ideas, while adolescence can also be a difficult, stressful time for those trying to discover themselves. This can affect themselves as well as those around them. During this time, adolescents are likely to identify with those around them, their peers. Identifying with peers can help adolescents along by giving them the opportunity to see how others deal with problems similar to their own and by offering their own advice to those who need it. Along with this, adolescents are liable to worry about their body image, and may want to conform to those who have achieved the â€Å"desired† image. This image may be thin, muscular, or just average. Nevertheless, some adolescents will go too far to achieve this image, usually this is done by adolescent females who wish to become thin. This can be attributed to media’s por trayal of women. The majority of women in ads, television and movies are thin and are seen as attractive because of this. Adolescent girls will see these women and may want their image as their own, and some will go to any lengths to acquire this. This in turn could lead to the idea that during this process of change and growing up, adolescents are often concerned about their physical image, which is influenced by the media.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adolescents may want to change their body image for a number of reasons. During adolescence, they may feel unsatisfied with their bodies and want to change how they look just to fit in. â€Å"Fitting in† with their peers is an important part of adolescence. It gives young people a sense that they belong; the need for peer influence is a necessary part of growing up as peers can offer advice and insight to anything that may be troubling adolescents, including how they feel about their image. Also, adolescents look up to a number of people, namely celebrities, and try to adopt their style as their own in hopes of being able to fit in. Many celebrities are thin. There are those who need to have that small body frame, such as some athletes. Gymnasts would be an example of this because they need to keep their body this way in order to perform their gymnastic feats; a gymnast will never again be seen as just â€Å"average† since the 1972 Olympics, when cro wds were awed by the daring moves performed by the tiny Olga Korbut.

The Physicists Essay -- Essays Papers

The Physicists The Physicists is a satiric play written by the Swiss author Friedrich DÃ ¼rrenmatt about three physicists who are living in the private sanatorium " Les Cerisiers " headed by the last living member of an old regional aristocratic family, Miss Dr. h.c. Dr. med. Mathilde Von Zahnd. The first one thinks he is Sir Isaac Newton, but he is in reality Herbert Georg Beutler, the second one thinks he is Albert Einstein and his real name is Ernst Heinrich Ernesti. The third physicist, Johann Wilhelm MÃ ¶bius is different, he has got no second identity but he is in this sanatorium because King Solomon speaks to him. We enter the play when many men are in the saloon. It is the place of a tragedy as Mr Ernesti has strangled a nurse. Mr. Beutler has also killed a nurse a couple of months ago. The inspector is slightly annoyed because he has to visit Les Cerisiers the second time during a short period of time and because he can’t speak to or take away the murderer . He is also expressing the wish of the public prosecutor that the sanatorium has to be taken over by male nurses because of the two murders by the two physicists. During the course of the play the personal and physical change is perceptible. Both the main characters and the environment are changing. For an example in act two, Herbert Georg Beutler alias Sir Isaac Newton turns out to be a long lost world famous physicist Alex Jasper Kilton who discovered the "Theory of Equivalents" also Albert Einstein alias...

Benefits of Trees

Produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxideTrees are necessary for our survival. Through photosynthesis trees produce the gas that we cannot live without: oxygen (O2). As we breathe in, our bodies take in oxygen and when we breathe out, we release carbon dioxide (CO2). Trees do the opposite. They take in CO2 and release O2. This cleans the air by removing harmful CO2 so that people and animals can breathe.Moderate temperature and rainfallTrees help cool the earth’s tempearature.Trees are like natural air conditioners and water pumps. They cool the earth by giving shade and recycling water. By cooling the air and ground around them, the shade from trees helps cool the earth’s temperature overall. Trees also help moderate the earth’s rainfall, which also helps keep the temperature cooler. If you are at the beach and you come out of the water in a wet bathing suit and lay in the sun, the sun’s heat removes the water from your bathing suit and soon you are dry. T his is called evaporation: when water is removed by heat. Forests help to make sure we get rain. Trees absorb a lot of water from the soil for nourishment. Later, when the sun shines on the trees, water is released from the leaves and absorbed back into the atmosphere – just like the water is absorbed from our bathing suits. When the sun’s energy removes water from the earth’s surface, the water collects into clouds, and when the clouds are heavy with water they release rain back to the earth. Provide food, medicine, shelter and warmthCork used in a cork-board.Every day we use or eat something that has come from a tree. Think about the paper we write on, the pencils we use and the furniture we sit on – they all came from trees. The uses of wood are virtually endless. In addition to being processed into products, trees are also cut down so their wood can be used as fuel to cook food and heat homes. But we don’t always have to cut down a tree to be a ble to make something from it. The rubber that you find on soles of your shoes is made from sap that comes from a type of tree found in Brazil, India, China and Southeast Asia. Cork is the bark of the evergreen cork oak found in the Mediterranean region. Cork has the ability to contract when squeezed and then expand back out again. The evergreen cork  oak is one of the few trees that does not die when its bark is removed.Coconuts on a palm tree.What about the things we eat? How many different fruits or nuts can you think of that come from trees? What about the maple syrup we like to eat on our pancakes? Sap is tapped from the sugar maple to make maple syrup. And did you know that cinnamon comes from the bark of a tree that grows in India?Willow away the pain! The active ingredient in acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) originally came from the bark of a willow tree. There are also many plants that have life-saving properties. About $30 billion is spent every year in Canada on prescript ion and non-prescription drugs that contain active ingredients that come from forests. Illnesses such as malaria, hypertension, heart disease and cancer are all treated with medicines made in part from plants. Support biodiversityForests are communities full of organisms that depend on each other for survival. We call these communities ecosystems. All parts of a forest ecosystem and the interactions between them are needed for the health and well-being of all. Forests offer food, water, shelter and protection for an incredible array of wildlife. The term â€Å"biodiversity† is used to describe the variety of life. This variety is what an ecosystem depends on. It is helpful to think of an ecosystem as a woven carpet; if you pull on a loose thread, it might only affect the thread and those closest to it or it might unravel the whole carpet. Benefits of Trees Produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxideTrees are necessary for our survival. Through photosynthesis trees produce the gas that we cannot live without: oxygen (O2). As we breathe in, our bodies take in oxygen and when we breathe out, we release carbon dioxide (CO2). Trees do the opposite. They take in CO2 and release O2. This cleans the air by removing harmful CO2 so that people and animals can breathe.Moderate temperature and rainfall Trees help cool the earth’s tempearature.Trees are like natural air conditioners and water pumps. They cool the earth by giving shade and recycling water. By cooling the air and ground around them, the shade from trees helps cool the earth’s temperature overall. Trees also help moderate the earth’s rainfall, which also helps keep the temperature cooler. If you are at the beach and you come out of the water in a wet bathing suit and lay in the sun, the sun’s heat removes the water from your bathing suit and soon you are dry.T his is called evaporation: when water is removed by heat. Forests help to make sure we get rain. Trees absorb a lot of water from the soil for nourishment. Later, when the sun shines on the trees, water is released from the leaves and absorbed back into the atmosphere – just like the water is absorbed from our bathing suits. When the sun’s energy removes water from the earth’s surface, the water collects into clouds, and when the clouds are heavy with water they release rain back to the earth. Provide food, medicine, shelter and warmthCork used in a cork-board.Every day we use or eat something that has come from a tree. Think about the paper we write on, the pencils we use and the furniture we sit on – they all came from trees. The uses of wood are virtually endless. In addition to being processed into products, trees are also cut down so their wood can be used as fuel to cook food and heat homes. But we don’t always have to cut down a tree to be a ble to make something from it.The rubber that you find on soles of your shoes is made from sap that comes from a type of tree found in Brazil, India, China and Southeast Asia. Cork is the bark of the evergreen cork oak found in the Mediterranean region. Cork has the ability to contract when squeezed and then expand back out again. The evergreen cork  oak is one of the few trees that does not die when its bark is removed.Coconuts on a palm tree.What about the things we eat? How many different fruits or nuts can you think of that come from trees? What about the maple syrup we like to eat on our pancakes? Sap is tapped from the sugar maple to make maple syrup. And did you know that cinnamon comes from the bark of a tree that grows in India?Willow away the pain! The active ingredient in acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) originally came from the bark of a willow tree. There are also many plants that have life-saving properties. About $30 billion is spent every year in Canada on prescripti on and non-prescription drugs that contain active ingredients that come from forests. Illnesses such as malaria, hypertension, heart disease and cancer are all treated with medicines made in part from plants.Support biodiversityForests are communities full of organisms that depend on each other for survival. We call these communities ecosystems. All parts of a forest ecosystem and the interactions between them are needed for the health and well-being of all. Forests offer food, water, shelter and protection for an incredible array of wildlife. The term â€Å"biodiversity† is used to describe the variety of life. This variety is what an ecosystem depends on. It is helpful to think of an ecosystem as a woven carpet; if you pull on a loose thread, it might only affect the thread and those closest to it or it might unravel the whole carpet.